While there is no specific dress code, one should avoid very casual clothes like shorts, track suits etc, in my view.

Sim, regarding the temple architecture , history, temple timing information etc you can check out my TA review. Cauvery boating is not allowed at this place and while there is water right now due to the copious inflow, there is no guarantee that there would be water in January end. You can ping me if you need more info but most of it is on my TA review

Early morning pooja-6.45a.m to 7.15 a.m morning pooja-8a.m noon pooja----- 11 a.m evening pooja--5p.mto5.45p.m artha jamam -night pooja-9p.m during noon pooja time, the gurukkal dresses like a lady and does a ko pooja, (a black cow )for about 45 minutes. it is very nice to see and a rare pooja only in thiruvanaikoil this is performed

It is possible, as distance between temples is not long. But you need to get ready, immediately after reaching Tiruchirapalli. If you can cover temples in Trichy before lunch, it is possible. Some temples must be closed afternoon. If you can finish Trichy temples by 1.00 pm, after having lunch you can go to Tanjore before 4 PM and leave Tanjore big temple by 6 PM. Tanjore - Kumbakonam will not take more than an hour or maximum one and half hour. Straight away dash into Sarangapani temple and pick up the dinner so that you can catch the train by 10 pm. I do not know about the Travels service in Tiruchirapalli and probably you can google and find it out. If I come across some travels contact number, I will let you know.

Instead of trichy suggest you to get down at Srirangam station itself. There is a Subham residency hotel just 2 mins walk from srirangam train station. U can check with them for rooms availability and tempo booking. Srirangam temple is just 5 mins walk and jambukeswara temple is 10 mins auto ride. In Srirangam temple u can opt of 250 rupees darshan for faster darshan and jambukeswara temple it should not be more than 30 mins. Depending upon how u get ready in the morning, u can complete both by 11am atmost Start to Tanjavur by 11.30 and reach by 1PM. Have a nice visit to lord bruhadeeswara temple and complete ur lunch too. I think by 2.30PM u can start from Tanjavur and reach Kumbakonam by 4PM at which most of the temples will be opened for evening darshan. Have darshan of sarangapani temple, adi kumbeswara temple and maha maham tank before having dinner and boarding the train at 10PM as per your plan. U can have wonderful prasadams at Srirangam temple as breakfast. They are awesome and yummy. Pillayar temple in trichy is on the hill and you will not be able to complete as part of your mentioned schedule. It need almost half day.

Yes. There is

Hi, I do not know any hotels very near to this temple. But good hotels are there near junction (which I know of)--SRM, Grand Gardenia, Breeze (Jenny's) are examples. From junction, by bus, it takes about 45 minutes. Buses go by Chathiram, and the bus fare is Rs10 per head.